Predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in diagnosis of prostate cancer among men who underwent template-guided prostate biopsy

To evaluate the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). Data of 662 patients who underwent prostate biopsy from January 2012 to June 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The receiver operating characteristic-derived area under the curve analyses were performed to assess the predictive accuracy. Simultaneously, Youden's index was calculated to determine the optimal NLR cutoff. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between NLR value and PCa detection. On account of an NLR value of 2.44 was shown with the maximal Youden's index on the receiver operating characteristic curve, the cutoff value of NLR was set at 2.44. Accordingly, patients were classified into high-NLR or low-NLR group. The patients in high-NLR group might have significant higher risk to be diagnosed with PCa (HR 1.640; P = 0.031), especially in the subgroup with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ranged from 4 to 10 ng mL (hazard ratio [HR] 4.364; P = 0.003). The high-NLR was independent of age of diagnosis, PSA, prostate volume, abnormal digital rectal examination, and hypoechoic lesion on transrectal ultrasound for positive prostate biopsy. In the so-called gray area, combination of NLR value could raise 4.6% of the accuracy of the multivariate logistic model in PCa prediction, but not in advanced PCa prediction.The patients with high-NLR value may have significant higher risk to be diagnosed with PCa, especially among the patients with PSA ranged from 4 to 10 ng mL. In this subgroup, the adding of NLR value in the multivariate model can improve the accuracy of PCa prediction in a large degree. If validated, the NLR will become a promising, accessible, inexpensive biomarker for PCa prediction.